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<h2 dir="rtl" class=""><strong>(Echinacea purpurea) قنفذية أرجوانية بذور</strong></h2>
<h2 dir="rtl"><span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong>ثمن عبوة من 20 بذرة.</strong></span></h2>
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<p>القنفذية الأرجوانية نوع نباتي يتبع جنس القنفذية من الفصيلة النجمية.</p>
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<p class="">تنتشر في النصف الشرقي للولايات المتحدة وكندا.</p>
<p style="color: #202122; font-size: 14px;"><i><b>Echinacea purpurea</b></i>, the<span> </span><b>eastern purple coneflower</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-b_2-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;"></sup><span> </span><b>purple coneflower</b>,<span> </span><b>hedgehog coneflower</b>, or<span> </span><b>echinacea</b>, is a<span> </span>North American<span> </span>species<span> </span>of<span> </span>flowering plant<span> </span>in the<span> </span>sunflower family.<sup id="cite_ref-Zimmerman_3-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;"></sup><span> </span>It is<span> </span>native<span> </span>to parts of eastern North America<sup id="cite_ref-pfaf_4-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;"></sup><span> </span>and presents to some extent in the wild in much of the eastern, southeastern, and midwestern<span> </span>United States<span> </span>as well as in the<span> </span>Canadian Province<span> </span>of<span> </span>Ontario. It is most common in the<span> </span>Ozarks<span> </span>and in the<span> </span>Mississippi/Ohio Valley. <sup id="cite_ref-PLANTS_5-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;"></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;"></sup>Its<span> </span>habitats<span> </span>include dry open woods, prairies, and barrens.</p>
<h2 style="color: #000000; font-size: 1.5em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</span></h2>
<p><i>Echinacea</i><span> </span>is derived from<span> </span>Greek, meaning ‘spiny one’, in reference to the spiny sea urchins 'εχίνοι' which the ripe flower heads of species of this genus resemble. The epithet<span> </span><i>purpurea</i><span> </span>means 'reddish-purple'.<sup id="cite_ref-gledhill_7-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[7]</sup><span> </span>Originally named<span> </span><i>Rudbeckia purpurea</i><span> </span>by Linnaeus in 1753 in Species plantarum 6, it was reclassified in 1794 by Conrad Moench, in a new genus named<span> </span><i>Echinacea purpurea</i><span> </span>(L.) Moench. In 1818,<span> </span>Thomas Nuttall<span> </span>describes a new variety that he named<span> </span><i>Rudbeckia purpurea</i><span> </span>var. serotina. Just two decades later, De Candolle raised him to the rank of species of the other genus<span> </span><i>Echinacea serotina</i><span> </span>(Nutt.) DC. (1836).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[8]</sup><span> </span>In 2002, Binns et al. discovered a misapplication of the name<span> </span><i>Echinacea purpurea</i><span> </span><span style="font-size: 11.9px;">(L.) Moench</span><span> </span>for the taxon correctly named<span> </span><i>Echinacea serotina</i><span> </span><span style="font-size: 11.9px;">(Nutt.) DC.</span><span> </span>in 1836. The authors proposed to retain the names not to cause confusion among gardeners and herbalists.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[9]</sup><span> </span>Other names include: Broad-leaved purple coneflower, Eastern Purple Coneflower, Hedgehog Coneflower, Echinacea.</p>
<h2 style="color: #000000; font-size: 1.5em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Description">Description</span></h2>
<p><i>Echinacea purpurea</i><span> </span>is an<span> </span>herbaceous<span> </span>perennial<span> </span>up to 120 cm (47 in) tall by 25 cm (10 in) wide at maturity. Depending on the climate, it blooms throughout summer into autumn. Its cone-shaped<span> </span>flowering heads<span> </span>are usually, but not always, purple in the wild. Its individual flowers (florets) within the<span> </span>flower head<span> </span>are<span> </span>hermaphroditic, having both male and female organs in each flower. It is<span> </span>pollinated<span> </span>by butterflies and bees. The alternate leaves, borne by a<span> </span>petiole<span> </span>from 0 to 17 cm, are oval to<span> </span>lanceolate, 5-30 x 5-12 cm; the margin is tightened to toothed.</p>
<p>The<span> </span>inflorescence<span> </span>is a<span> </span>capitulum, 7 to 15 cm in diameter, formed by a prominent domed central protuberance consisting of multiple small yellow florets. These are surrounded by a ring of pink or purple<span> </span>ligulate<span> </span>florets. The tubular florets are<span> </span>hermaphrodite<span> </span>while the ligular florets are<span> </span>sterile. The<span> </span>involucral bracts<span> </span>are linear to lanceolate. The plant prefers well-drained soils in full sun.<sup id="cite_ref-b_2-1" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[2]</sup><span> </span>The fruit is an<span> </span>achene, sought after by birds.</p>
<h2 style="color: #000000; font-size: 1.5em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Cultivation">Cultivation</span></h2>
<p style="color: #202122; font-size: 14px;"><i>Echinacea purpurea</i><span> </span>is grown as an<span> </span>ornamental plant<span> </span>in temperate regions. It is ideal for curbs, walkways or beds. The flowers can also go into the composition of fresh bouquets. Numerous<span> </span>cultivars<span> </span>have been developed for flower quality and plant form.<sup id="cite_ref-Zimmerman_3-1" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[3]</sup><span> </span>The plant grows in sun or light shade.<sup id="cite_ref-midgely1999_10-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[10]</sup><span> </span>It thrives in either dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought once established. The cultivars 'Ruby Giant'<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[11]</sup><span> </span>and<span> </span><span class="trade_designation"><b>Elton Knight</b></span>='Elbrook'<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[12]</sup><span> </span>have gained the<span> </span>Royal Horticultural Society's<span> </span>Award of Garden Merit.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[13]</sup></p>
<h3 style="color: #000000; font-size: 1.2em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Propagation">Propagation</span></h3>
<p style="color: #202122; font-size: 14px;"><i>Echinacea purpurea</i><span> </span>is<span> </span>propagated<span> </span>either<span> </span>vegetatively<span> </span>or from<span> </span>seeds.<sup id="cite_ref-pfaf_4-1" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[4]</sup><span> </span>Useful vegetative techniques include division, root cuttings, and basal cuttings. Clumps can be<span> </span>divided, or broken into smaller bunches, which is normally done in the spring or autumn. Cuttings made from roots that are "pencil-sized" will develop into plants when started in late autumn or early winter.<sup id="cite_ref-Zimmerman_3-2" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[3]</sup><span> </span>Cuttings of basal shoots in the spring may be rooted when treated with<span> </span>rooting hormones, such as IBA at 1000 ppm.<sup id="cite_ref-Plant_Delights_14-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[14]</sup></p>
<p style="color: #202122; font-size: 14px;">Seed<span> </span>germination<span> </span>occurs best with daily temperature fluctuations<sup id="cite_ref-pfaf_4-2" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[4]</sup><span> </span>or after stratification,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[15]</sup><span> </span>which help to end<span> </span>dormancy. Seeds may be started indoors in advance of the growing season or outdoors after the growing season has started.</p>
<h2 style="color: #000000; font-size: 1.5em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Ecology">Ecology</span></h2>
<p style="color: #202122; font-size: 14px;">Slugs<sup id="cite_ref-pfaf_4-3" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[4]</sup><span> </span>and<span> </span>rabbits<span> </span>will also eat the foliage when young, or shortly after emerging in the spring.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[16]</sup><span> </span>Additionally, roots can be damaged and eaten by<span> </span>gophers.<sup id="cite_ref-PLANTS_5-1" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[5]</sup></p>
<h2 style="color: #000000; font-size: 1.5em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Chemistry">Chemistry</span></h2>
<p style="color: #202122; font-size: 14px;"><i>Echinacea purpurea</i><span> </span>contains alkamides,<span> </span>caffeic acid<span> </span>derivatives,<span> </span>polysaccharides, and<span> </span>glycoproteins.<sup id="cite_ref-Saeidnia_2015_63_17-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[17]</sup><span> </span>Nicotiflorin is the dominant<span> </span>flavonoid<span> </span>in<span> </span><i>E. purpurea</i>, followed by the flavonoid<span> </span>rutin.<sup id="cite_ref-Kurkin_905–906_18-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11.2px;">[18]</sup></p>
<h2 style="color: #000000; font-size: 1.5em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Traditional_medicine">Traditional medicine</span></h2>
<p style="color: #202122; font-size: 14px;"><strong>Native Americans used the plant as traditional medicine to treat many ailments.</strong></p>
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MHS 75 (0.1 g)